Chocolate dates back to the time of the Aztecs. It is a comfort food that just about everyone loves. In addition to its soothing effect, it is packed with natural chemicals that affect the body’s physiology. Some suggest that the compounds in chocolate alter moods and brain function in positive ways. Many also believe in the health benefits of chocolate. Because of its high cocoa content, dark chocolate holds more of the beneficial compounds than any other type of chocolate. In terms of healthy chocolate chemistry, the darker the better.
Caffeine
One compound found in chocolate is 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, otherwise known as caffeine. Caffeine acts as a stimulant, revving up the central nervous system. This stimulation increases heart rate and causes the muscles to contract. According to an article on HowStuffWorks.com by Josh Clark, “Caffeine affects dopamine and adenosine receptors in the brain…” causing the brain to release chemicals that produce a pleasure response. According to an article in MensHealth.com called “The Health Benefits of Caffeine The Caffeine Advantage,” caffeine has benefits for your brain, heart, liver and muscles.
The down side to caffeine is that it can increase anxiety, stress and appetite. It also has addictive properties and affects the brain, much like amphetamine.
Cannabinoids
Chocolate contains a chemical that closely resembles compounds in marijuana called cannabinoids. The main function of cannabinoids is that they affect behavior. When cannabinoids connect with receptors in the brain, it makes the person euphoric and relaxed.
The drawback to cannabinoids is that they can diminish memory and concentration.
Phenylethylamine
Phenylethylamine is another chemical found in chocolate. This compound is classified as a hallucinogen and has properties similar to amphetamines. Dr. Michael Liebowitz, a psychologist at the New York State Psychiatric Institute hypothesized that phenylathylamine increases romantic feelings. Some believe chocolate is an aphrodisiac-though the FDA does not support that aphrodisiacs work-and this idea might have something to do with chocolates on Valentine’s Day.
Flavonoids
Another kind of chemical found in chocolate is called a flavonoid. Epicatechin is a plant flavonoid. Flavonoids are believed to contribute to a healthy heart. They decrease cholesterol buildup in blood vessels and reduce the risk of blood clots. Immune responses that contribute to clogged arteries are also lowered with flavonoids.
So does chocolate sound like a fabulous cure all or a natural pick-me-up? Chocolate still has lots of calories. For the best health results, it should be eaten in moderation with a well balanced diet.
Jennifer Graham - Jennifer M. Graham holds a B.S. in Chemistry and a M.S. in Computer Science. Her studies led to a job as a chemist, one as a programmer, ...
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